Combination lock



vUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.;

ROBERT ELCOK, OF JOHANNESB'URG, TRANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA.

COMBINATION LOOK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'i Application iled October 1, 1919. Serial No. 327,735.

To all 'w hom it may concern:

f Be it known that ROBERT ELOOOK, a British subject, of VictoriaMansions, Elofr'l Street7 Johannesburg, Transvaal Province of the Unionof South Africa, has invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n`Combination Looks, of which the following isa specification.

The present invention relates to combination locks, in which movementofthe bolt is'dependent upon a prescribed positioning of rotatable letterrings or equivalent movable members. I

An objectv of the invention is to ensure that no opening movement of thebolt can occurv until the gates of all the lmovable elements are alined.and thus prevent the position of the gates being felt individually by`slight yieldingsof the bolt.

A further ob'ect isv to cause withdrawing movement of the bolt to lookthe rings, so preventing simultaneous movement of the rings and the boltin order to find the gates.'

Another object is to `enable the bolt to be shot without,V the necessityof positioning-the letter rings. 1

VAnother object is to provide a permutation look constructed for lookingthe steering columnV of a motor car or cycle.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. I shows acycle or carloc-k partly in longitudinal section.

Fig. II is a plan of. the tube hereafter y referred to. i

Fig. III is a sectionon line A, A Fig. Fig. IV is a section on line BBFig Fig. V is a section on line C =C` Fig. Fig. VI is asection Online DD Fig. Fig. VII shows thebolt detached. Fig. VIII is an end view* of thebolt which secures the lookto. the column, and Fig. ,IX is a plan of thesame.V 1- .A y1 '.indi'oatesy the steering column and 2 the steeringpost rotatablewithin'the same. VThe lock easingv 3, 4, 5 isfigxed to theOutside Of the column and provides a bolt 6 which slides through thevwall of the column 1 -and intoaholef? infthesteeringpost 2 Y tolocksaidfcolumn and' spindle` together.

Y. The; casing.V comprises a seating A. 3 which is hollowed at 8 VrtofitV the column 1 and is held thereto by a bolt 9. Said bolt has a Thead-10 provided underneath with fins 11to -press the metal of thecolumn 1 into grooves 12 formed in the face 8 of the seating 3. The bolt9 is hollow to allowthe bolt 6 to pass and is secured by a'nut 13.

Screwed into the seating 3 is a tube 4 within which the bolt 6 and its'concomitant parts',move and upon the outside of which are rotatablymounted rings 14 which control the operation of the lock. The tube 4 iis .locked in the seating 3 by al set-screw 15 which also passes intoand locks the nut 13. The. set screw 15 itself islocked when they bolt 6is shot, by a keeper 16 which is guided by a wing'l' passing' into alongitudinal slot 18 inthe tube v4, and Vis attached' to. the bolt 6 toslide therewith by its forked end 19 fitting into an annular recess 2O(Fig. VII) .inthe'bolt 6. The other end 21 of the keeper 16 isalsoiforked and, when` the bolt 6.is shot', passes into an annulargroove 22 inthe set-screwl. Owmg to the wedge shapeV (as seen 1n Fig;

III)y rofthe forked end 21 of the keeperlgany ratentednebw, 1922.

attempt to withdraw the set screw` 15 whilst latter is secured to thebolt ,proper-fas. by

a set screw 27. Y

In assembling, the look, the seating 3 is secured tothe -column `1by thehollow `bolt 9y and the nut `l13. The bolt` 6 'and thepartsl j attachedto it are fitted `withinjthe tube 4 after which thecap 23yisfscre'wedjonto the tube from then front and lockedfby its set screw24. 'The milled head-25 can then be secured tov thel bolt-6'.A The partf-5'is then screwed ontothe cap 23 frornthe back,

and the rings 14slipped onto? the Outside of the tube 4.l Finally thetube 4 is screwed into thev seatingV 3 vand the set screw 15 is'V Thebolt 6 is-loeked in` its shot position by a spring ward '28 lying'- inalateral slot 29 out in the side of the longitudinal slot 18 in the tube4. InorderV to release the bolt Y6 said ward 28 has .to be swung out ofthe slot 29 byrotation of the bolt 6, and such rotation of the bolt Gisprevented by the letter rings 14 unless said rings are properl-ypositioned.

The ward 28 is formed on a disc 30 which is held between a collar 31 onthe bolt and the rear face 32 of the boss 26. It is free to swinglaterally about a pivoting pin 33 which seats in a longitudinal slot 34in the tube V4 opposite toy the'slot 1S, the central hole 35 in the discthrough which thebolt 6 passes being elongated to allow such movement.

Referring more 'particularly to Fig. VI, 36 is a spiral spring which iswound in the directiony shown and is attached at one end toa pin 3,7 (Fig. VII) on the farce 32 of the boss 26. I he other end 38 of the springis attached tothe disc 3 0 and so meets andl is joined to the same thatinv tending to straighten itselfv it cants the disc about the pivot tothe left in Fig. VI, that is into the slot 29. Thestraightening'tendency of the, spring 36 also tends to rotatethe Vbolt 6about the axis of the latter-in a counter-clockwise. directiony (Fig-VI), and this tendency is limited byy a finger 39 projecting from theboss26 and engaging the pivot pin33. InV

order to release the ward 28. from the slot 29 and so release the bolt6, the bolt is turned against the spring y36 to cause'the finger 39 toengage the ward 2S as" indicated by the dotted' lines in.y Fig. VIl and.cant the disc 30 tothe right. `It will be.y lseen that the single spring36 serves both to retain the ward28in the slot 2,9'` and to retainthebolt 6 vin its counterclockwise retracted position.

On the bolt 6 is formed an eccentric 40. A

follower 41 (Figs. I and IV') is vformed with a Wing 42` engaging thetube slot 1S and an Y with theinner surface of the letter rings 14.

The ends 49 of said toggle links are made of greaterV Width thangates-46 in the rings 14, so that said ends are prevented :fromVslipping into said` gates.

When the bolt 6 isV in itsnormal position of rest, with the finger 39resting on the pivot 33, the eccentric 40 is in itsupward position', thefollower 4 1 at the top of its travel, the

wing 43 resting on the inner surfaces of all 'the rings 14, sopreventingrotation of the holt. Upon the y gates .ofthe rings beingalinedasshown in Fig. Ithe follower is free to move down and permits thebolt 6 to rotate. Uponrotatingthe bolt in a clockwise direction (Figs.IV'and, VI) the finger'y 39 shifts the ward 28 out of theVslot29'leaving the bolt 6 and all its attached parts free to moveoutwardly] A compression spring 50 is usually fitted for so moving it.The bolt 6 is thus withdrawn from the post 2, leaving the latter free toturn. The fork 21 of the keeper 16 is also withdrawn from the setscrew15, so enabling the latter to be withdrawn if it is desired todisassemble the lock. Considerable play vis allowed between the finger39 and the ward 28 so that said ward is not released until the finalrotational movement of the bolt 6 and after there has been sufficient ofsaid rotational movement fully to actuate the follower 41.

. Upon the bolt head 25 being released the bolt is swung back by thespring 36, until stopped by the finger 39 coming intol con- Y tact withthe pivot pin 33. This rotational movement raises the, wing 43 out oftherin gates46, so that the bolt can be relocked by simply pressing'itinwards without the rings 14 being specially positioned.

If the bolt 6 is turned when the ring gates 46` are not in the positionof Fig. I, the wing 43 presses on the interior of the rings-14, and asthe eccentric, 40 is then near its upper dead centre this pressuremay beconsiderar ble. The effect is to hinder free rotation oi the rings 14and so make it difficult to sea-rch for the gates 46 by rotating therings 14 and at the same time exerting torque on thev bolt 6. This e'ectis accentuated by the toggle links 47 which are so adjusted that upon aslight downward movement of the follower 41, Vthey come near to theirdead centre position, and thus exert 'such outward thrust on the rings14 as to lock vthe latter against movement. These toggle's are bent asshown in Fig. V tomake themrrsomewhat springy. so that they can yield`sufliciently to pass over their dead centres upon the'follower 4]passing into the rings 14 thus allowing the follower 41 to move freelytor the remainder of its movement. This spring construction is also-ofvalue in taking up wear at the free endsof the .toggle links.

I claim:

1. In ra combination lock, allixed casing, a bolt slidable therein, saidbolt being also,Y rov tatable therein, interengaging means on the boltand casing to hold vthe bolt in its, shot position against slidingmovement and disconnectible by rotation ofthe bolt, andgmovablecombination elements controllingA rotational movement ofthe bolt. n

2. In a combination lock,a fixed casing, a bolt slidable therein, saidbolt also being rotatable in theca'sing, award' carriedv by the bolt andengagingV by rotationallmove.-

ment a slot in the casing, spring means tending to holdy said wardinsaid slot, and movable combination elements controlling rota-- tionalmovement of the. bolt. Y.

V3. In a combination'. lock, afrxedcasing a bolt slidable therein, saidbolt vbeing also rotatable in the casing, a ward carrying elementmounted on the bolt so as to be xed as regards longitudinal movementrelative to the bolt but free to rotate relatively thereto,inter-engaging rotational driving means between the bolt and thewardcarrying element, said driving means permitting substantial initialrotation of the bolt free of the ward carrying element, and combinationelements controlling rotation of the bolt.

4. In a combination lock, a rotatable bolt, a cam on the bolt, a movablemember actuated by said cam upon rotation of the bolt, and movablecombination elements controla ling the movement of the cam actuatedmember.

5. In a combination lock, a'movable bolt, movable combination elementscontrolling movement of the bolt, and means operating by movement of thebolt to lock the combination elements.

6. In a combination lock, a movable bolt, movable combination elementscontrolling movement of the bolt, and toggle means operated by movementof the bolt to lock the combination elements.

7. In a combination lock, a movable bolt, movable combination elementscontrolling movement of the bolt, a laterally movable elementconstrained to move with the bolt,

and toggle means connecting the said laterally movable element andengageable with the combination elements by lateral movement of saidlaterally movable member.

8. In a combination lock, a rotatable bolt, a member guided for movementlaterally to the bolt and so moved by rotation of the bolt, rotatablecombination elements around the said-member and toggle arms projectingfrom said member to engage the combination elements interiorly.

9. In a steering lock, the combination with a tubular member, of a lockcasing applied to the exterior thereof, said casing provlding a seatingsurface shaped to t the exterior of the tubular member, and alsogrooved, a bolt having a T head seating on the interior of the tubularmember, and providing fins adapted to force the metal of the tubu larmember into the seating grooves, and a nut on the bolt within the lockcasin 10. In a steering lock, the com ination with a tubular member of alock casing seated exteriorly thereon, a bolt passing through thetubular member and having a head seating interiorly therein,complementary formations on the bolt head and the lock casing fordeforming metal of the tubular member into enga ement with the lockcasing, and a nut securing the bolt and itself enclosed by the lockcasing.

1l. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt for securing the saidcasing to a fixture and extending into the casing, said casing beingmade in parts, a nut on the bolt for securing the same, and a set screwwhich locks the casing parts together and also locks said nut.

12. In a lock, a casing composed of different parts, a set screw servingto lock all of said parts together, a movable bolt in the lock, a keepermovable with said bolt, Said keeper, when the bolt is shot, engagingsaid set screw to lock it against movement.

13. Ina lock, the combination of a tubular casing element enclosing thebolt, a casing element screwed on to said tubular element from the rearend thereof, rotatable rings on the tubular element, a seating ele mentinto which said tubular element is screwed rearwardly and means forlocking said tubular element to said seating element.

14:. In a lock, the combination of a tubular casing element, bolt meansinsertable into said tubular element from the front of the same, a boltretaining element screwed on to said tubular element from the front,means locking said retaining element on the tubular element, a vcasingelement screwed on to said rotating element from the rear and shieldingsaid locking means, a seating element into which the tubular element isscrewed rearwardly, means for locking said tubular element in saidseating element, and means actuated by the bolt forl locking said lastnamed locking means.

In testimony whereof I aiiX my si ature.

ROBERT ELC CK.

